Minerals
Minerals (Essential & Trace Elements)
Macrominerals
(Major Minerals)
Macrominerals are essential minerals that the body requires in larger amounts (compared to trace minerals) to maintain vital functions. These minerals play a key role in bone health, fluid balance, muscle function, nerve signaling, and metabolism.
Calcium (Ca)
Essential for strong bones and teeth, muscle contraction, and nerve signaling.
Phosphorus (P)
Supports bone and teeth structure, energy production, and DNA formation.
Magnesium (Mg)
Helps with muscle relaxation, nerve function, and energy metabolism.
Sodium (Na)
Maintains fluid balance, supports nerve impulses, and regulates blood pressure.
Chlorine (Cl) (as chloride)
(as chloride)
Helps maintain fluid balance and is a key component of stomach acid for digestion.
Potassium (K)
Crucial for heart function, muscle contractions, and maintaining fluid balance.
Sulfur (S)
(as part of amino acids like methionine and cysteine)
Important for protein synthesis, skin health, and detoxification.
Microminerals
(Trace Elements)
Microminerals, also known as trace minerals, are essential minerals that the body requires in small amounts compared to macrominerals. Even though they are needed in tiny quantities, they play crucial roles in enzyme function, immune support, oxygen transport, hormone production, and overall cellular health.
Even though they are required in small amounts, deficiencies in microminerals can lead to serious health issues, including anemia (iron deficiency), weakened immunity (zinc deficiency), and thyroid disorders (iodine deficiency).
Iron (Fe)
Vital for oxygen transport in the blood and energy production
Zinc (Zn)
Helps convert carbohydrates into energy and supports nerve function.
Copper (Cu)
Essential for energy production and maintaining healthy skin and eyes.
Manganese (Mn)
Supports metabolism, brain function, and helps lower cholesterol levels.
Iodine (I)
Involved in energy production and the synthesis of hormones.
Selenium (Se)
Supports thyroid function, acts as a powerful antioxidant, and helps with immune system regulation.
Fluorine (F)
(as fluoride, important for teeth and bones)
Strengthens teeth and bones, supports bone mineralization, helps maintain enamel integrity, and plays a role in preventing tooth decay and cavities.
Cobalt (Co)
Involved in energy production and the synthesis of hormones.
Molybdenum (Mo)
Helps activate enzymes for detoxification, supports metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, and assists in waste elimination.
Chromium (Cr)
(biological role still debated)
Essential for blood sugar regulation, enhances insulin action, and aids in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.
Ultratrace Elements
(Possible Essential Role)
Ultratrace elements are minerals required by the body in extremely small amounts, often less than 1 microgram per day.
Though their roles are not as well-defined as essential minerals, they may contribute to enzyme activity, cellular function, and metabolic processes.
While ultratrace elements exist naturally in food, most are not essential for survival, and some can be harmful in excess.
Nickel (Ni)
Supports enzyme function and may play a role in iron absorption and hormone regulation.
Silicon (Si)
Important for bone health, collagen formation, and connective tissue strength.
Vanadium (V)
May aid in blood sugar regulation, bone growth, and cardiovascular health.
Boron (B)
Supports bone density, brain function, and hormone balance.
Lithium (Li)
Plays a role in mood regulation, brain function, and nervous system health.
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